Russia

As financial markets become increasingly sensitive to global developments, geopolitical instability has reemerged as a central theme impacting investor sentiment and economic projections. From ongoing conflicts in Europe and the Middle East to escalating tensions in East Asia and U.S. political shifts, markets in 2024–2025 are navigating a complex web of uncertainty.

Since the full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, Russia has faced one of the most severe sanction regimes in modern history. Western powers, led by the United States and the European Union, imposed broad restrictions aimed at crippling Russia’s economy and isolating it from global financial systems.

The war in Ukraine, which began in February 2022 following Russia’s full-scale invasion, has had far-reaching economic consequences beyond the battlefield. The conflict has disrupted global supply chains, caused price spikes in key commodities, and reshaped international economic alliances.